Introduction to Steel 310
Steel 310, with a combination of high temperature properties, good
ductility and weldability, are designed for high temperature conditions. This
alloy reduces sulfur gases in the face of continuous service at temperatures
above 1150 ° C. Also used for intermittent services up to temperatures above
1040 degrees. Like other austenitic grades, this alloy has excellent toughness,
even below freezing temperatures, although other grades are used in such
environments. Steel S 310 has a maximum carbon content of 0.03%, which is
sometimes used for special corrosive environments, especially urea products.
Steel 310 is a type of medium carbon austenitic stainless steel
that shows excellent properties at high temperatures. For this reason, it is in
the category of refractory steels. This alloy is used in cases where resistance
to corrosion and oxidation at high temperatures is required. Stainless steels
are known in the market as steel. These alloys offer good corrosion resistance
properties due to the presence of high amounts of alloying elements such as
chromium and nickel. Stainless steels can be classified into 4 general
categories based on their microstructure: austenite, ferrite, martensite and
duplex. Among the types of steel alloys, austenitic steel is the most widely
used. 200 and 300 series alloys are in the category of austenitic steels. These
two groups are often non-corrosive in terms of magnetic properties and have
acceptable corrosion resistance.
Steel 310
Steel 310 is a type of refractory steel that due to the high
percentage of chromium and nickel in it, maintains its resistance to corrosion
and oxidation at high operating temperatures. This type of stainless steel
under the German DIN standard is called 1.4841 steel. In addition to providing
desirable properties at high temperatures, 310 refractory steel also maintains
its desirable properties at ultra-cold temperatures. This feature has caused it
to be used in a wide temperature range. Grade 310S is a low carbon steel type
310. In cases where better welding properties are required, this type of alloy
is used instead of 310 steel. The high-carbon steel type 310, known as the
310H, has higher creep resistance and higher strength than the 310 steel, but
is not used in cases where welding is required.
The most important properties of 310 steel can be summarized as
follows:
• Oxidation resistance up to a temperature of about 1200 ° C
• Medium strength at high temperatures
• Resistance to corrosion at high temperatures
• Maintain strength and toughness at low temperatures (about -268
degrees Celsius)
Corrosion resistance of steel 310
The high percentage of chromium in the composition of this alloy,
in addition to increasing the heat resistance, has also increased the corrosion
resistance. Although the high levels of chromium and nickel in 310 stainless
steel have led to an even greater corrosion resistance than 304 stainless
steel, it cannot be used in wet, corrosive, and more corrosive environments.
Steel 310 does not contain molybdenum in its composition, like
steel 316, so its corrosion resistance is very poor. It should also be noted
that this alloy becomes sensitive to corrosion between grains when exposed to
high temperatures in the temperature range between 550 and 800 ° C.
310 steel welding capability
Steel 310 has an acceptable welding capability and is capable of
welding with all common welding methods. The types of welding methods used to
make joints in this steel include manual, tig and mig welding. But in welding
it, you should pay attention to the following items:
• Under normal welding, preheating and post-welding heat treatment
conditions, this alloy is not required.
• To achieve corrosion resistance in liquids, it is necessary to
perform heat treatment of dissolution anil on this steel after welding.
• After welding, it is necessary to remove oxides and shells that
are formed by exposure to high temperatures and by welding on the surface, to
maintain its corrosion resistance.
Heat treatment of steel 310
Heat treatment of stainless steel 310 is dissolution annealing.
During that time, the steel is heated to a temperature range of 1040 to 1065
degrees Celsius and kept at this temperature for a certain period of time and
then subjected to quenching.
Like other austenitic steels, stainless steel 310 is not heat
resistant. But it can be hardened with a cold method, which is practically
rare.